ABSTRACT<\/p>\n
Over the years, laws have generally evolved ways and grounds of compensating employees for job-related disabilities and risks, because, in man\u2019s search for food and other necessaries in life, he is constantly exposed to hazards. What provoked this research was the need for an appraisal of the employees\u2019 compensation under Nigerian law. Employees\u2019 Compensation Act 2010 is the present Act governing compensation for job-related risks in Nigeria. This research adopted a doctrinal method and empirical method. The empirical method adopted is the interview method conducted at the headquarters of the Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Management Board. The doctrinal method explored relevant Acts, case laws, textbooks, journals, literature etc for a good understanding of the provisions of the Employees\u2019 Compensation Act, 2010.There is an attempt by the Act to simplify the procedure and requirements for claim of compensation but some inherent problems exist;. Findings in the research revealed that the Board has not made the Rules which the Act empowers it to make in respect of some cases of compensation whose scales are not contained in the Act. Also, the research also revealed some likely enforcement problems within the informal sector. Findings revealed that job-related \u2018mental stress\u2019 has for the first time been introduced as a ground for compensation of employees in Nigeria but there are still some inadequacies in the provisions; for example, \u2018mental stress\u2019 is not compensable if it results from an injury for which the affected employee is otherwise entitled to compensation. Findings among others also reveal that there exist too much discretionary powers bestowed on the Board (Nigeria Social Insurance Trust Fund Management Board) the body that the Act empowers to manage the Fund established in the Act. Health care benefits are discretionary and are only mandatory in cases of occupational diseases. There should be compensation for \u2018mental stress\u2019, irrespective of whether or not it results from an injury for which the affected employee is entitled to compensation. Payment for health care services and disability supports should be made a right in all established cases. The Board should hasten up to make the required Rules which shall provide the scales of compensation not captured in the Act or the Act be amended to capture all the scales of compensation in its provisions. The Board should partner with all village and district heads in enforcing the scheme at the informal sector<\/p>\n
TABLE OF STATUTES<\/p>\n
Pages<\/p>\n
– Armed Forces Act, Cap A20, Laws of the Federation of
\nNigeria, 2004 – – – – – 43, 44<\/p>\n
– Armed Forces Pension Act, Cap A23, Laws of the Federation of
\nNigeria, 2004 – – – – – – – 43,44<\/p>\n
– Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria 1999 (as<\/p>\n
amended). – – – – – – – 91,103,110
\n– Employees\u2019 Compensation Act No. 13, 2010. 9,10,11,12,13,20-136
\n– Employees\u2019 Liability Act, 1880 – – – – 24
\n– Employees\u2019 Liability Act, 1908 – – – – 24
\n– Labour Act, Cap L1, Laws of the Federation of Nigeria, 2004. 45
\n– National Industrial Court Act, No. 1, 2006. – – – 110
\n– Pension Reform Act, No. 2, 2005 – – – – 4,81,84<\/p>\n
– Workmen\u2019s Compensation Act Cap. W6 Laws of the<\/p>\n
Federation of Nigeria, 2004. – – – – – 7,11<\/p>\n
TABLE OF ABBREVIATIONS
\nPages
\nA.C – Appeal Cases – – – – – 1, 58
\nBC – Before Christ – – – – 20
\nCap. – Chapter – – – – – 7,45
\nComp. – Comparative – – – – – 15
\nECS. – Employees\u2019 Compensation Scheme – 102
\nInt\u2019l – International – – – – – 15
\nK.B – King\u2019s Bench – – – – – 57
\nL.J – Law Journal – – – – – 15
\nL.L.R – Lagos Law Report – – – – 1,58
\nNIC – National Industrial Court – – – 100
\nNWLR – Nigerian Weekly Law Reports – – 100,106
\nP. – Page – – – – – – 14
\nPAC – Pacific – – – – – 17
\nPP. – pages – – – – – -14,15,16
\nSCNJ – Supreme Court of Nigeria Judgement – -100
\nTemp. – Temple – – – – – 15
\nV – Versus – – – – 1,58,59,70,100,1
\nVol. – Volume – – – – – 1<\/p>\n
TABLE OF CASES<\/p>\n
Pages
\nAdeyemi Saliu Olaotan v. Lagos State Government and Ors
\n(Unreported) Suit No. NIC\/LA\/41\/2010 – – – – – 100
\nAG Ondo v. A.G. Federation (2002) 9 NWLR (pt 772) 241 – – 100
\nAmadi v. NNPC (2000) 10 NWLR (pt 674) – – – – 100
\nDavidson v. Co M\u2019. Robb (1918) AC 304,317 – – – – 58
\nFitzgerald v. W.G. Clarke & Son (1908) 2KB, 796,799 – – – 106
\nGilbert Ezeiggwev. Awawa Awudu(2008)11NWLR(pt.1097)158———– 106
\nJiboso v.Obadina(1962)WRNLR 303—————————————— 106
\nMadukolu v. Nkedilim (1962) SCNLR 341 – – – – – 100
\nMetal Containers (W.A) Ltd v. Momodu Iyomifokhia (1959) L.L.R 130 1
\nMoor v. Manchester Liners Ltd (1910) AC 498 – – – – 59
\nNew Monchkton Collieries Ltd v. Keeling (1911) A.C. 648 – – 70
\nNisbet v. Bayne & Burne (1960) 2 KB 689 – – – – 59
\nSharp v. Johnson Co. Ltd (1905) 2 KB 139 – – – – 59
\nShitta-Bey v. A.G Federation and Anor (1998) 7 SCNJ 264 at 266 – 97
\nThompson v. Armstrong & Royse Proprietary Ltd (1950) CLR 585 – 1, 76
\nThompson v. Sinclair (1917) A.C. 127 – – – – – 1, 76
\nTrim Joint District School Board of Management V. Kelly (1914) AC 667 1 ,58
\nUAC v. Orekyan (1961) L.L.R 144 – – – – – – 1, 58
\nUmokoro 8 others v. Nigeria Ports Authority and Anor (1997) 4 NWLR
\n(pt 502) 656 – – – – – – – – – 100
\nWelsh Navigation Steam & Co Ltd v. Evans (1927) AC 834, 842-843 – 70<\/p>\n
TABLE OF CONTENTS
\nCover Page – – – – – – – – – i
\nTitle Page – – – – – – – – – ii
\nDeclaration – – – – – – – – – iii
\nCertification – – – – – – – – – iv
\nDedication – – – – – – – – – v
\nAcknowledgement – – – – – – – – vi
\nTable of Statutes – – – – – – – – viii
\nTable of Abbreviations – – – – – – – ix
\nTable of Cases – – – – – – – – x
\nAbstract – – – – – – – – – xi
\nTable of Contents – – – – – – – – xii
\nChapter One
\nGeneral Introduction
\n1.1 Background to the Study – – – – – – 1
\n1.2 Statement of the Research Problem- – – – – 5
\n1.3 Research Questions- – – – – – – 6
\n1.4 Aim and Objectives of the Research – – – – 6
\n1.5 Justification of the Research – – – – – 7
\n1.6 Scope of the Research – – – – – – 8
\n1.7 Research Methodology – – – – – – 8
\n1.8 Literature Review – – – – – – – 9
\n1.9 Organisational Structure of the Research – – – 18
\nChapter Two
\nConceptual Clarifications, the History, Nature and Scope of Employees\u2019
\nCompensation in Nigeria
\n2.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 18
\n2.2 Overview of the Evolution of Employees\u2019 Compensation – 18
\n2.3 The Meaning of Employees\u2019 Compensation under the Act – 27<\/p>\n
2.4 The Scope and Application of the Employees\u2019 Compensation Scheme in<\/p>\n
Nigeria-39<\/p>\n
xii<\/p>\n
Chapter Three
\nThe Legal Framework of Employees\u2019 Compensation in Nigeria
\n3.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 52
\n3.2 Grounds of Compensation – – – – – – 52
\n3.2.1 Mental Stress – – – – – – – – 53
\n3.2.2 Injury – – – – – – – – – 56
\n3.2.3 Hearing Impairment – – – – – – 64
\n3.2.4 Occupational Disease – – – – – – 67
\n3.2.5 Death – – – – – – – – – 69
\n3.3 Scales for Compensation – – – – – – 71
\n3.3.1 Scale of Compensation for Temporary Partial Disability – 72
\n3.3.2 Scale of Compensation for Temporary Total Disability – – 74
\n3.3.3 Scale of Compensation for Permanent Partial Disability or
\nDisfigurement – – – – – – – 77
\n3.3.4 Scale of Compensation for Permanent Total Disability – – 81
\n3.3.5 Scale of Compensation in Fatal Cases – – – – 84
\n3.3.6 Scale of Compensation Relating to Enemy Warlike Actions 95
\n3.4 Vocational Rehabilitation – – – – – – 96
\n3.5 Procedures for Claim of Compensation – – – – 99
\n3.5.1 Employee\u2019s Notification of Injury – – – – – 100
\n3.5.2 Application for Compensation – – – – – 102
\n3.5.3 Limitation of Action, Subrogation and Indemnity – – 106
\n3.5.4 Right of Appeal – – – – – – – 108<\/p>\n
Chapter Four
\nChallenges of Employees\u2019 Compensation in Nigeria
\n5.1 Introduction – – – – – – – – 112
\n5.2 Data Presentation – – – – – – – 112
\n5.3 Data Analysis – – – – – – – – 114
\n5.3.1 Challenges of Awareness — – – – – – 115
\n5.3.2 Challenges of Implementation – – – – – 116<\/p>\n
Chapter five<\/p>\n
Conclusion and Recommendations<\/p>\n
6.1 Summary – – – – – – – – 122
\n6.2 Findings – – – – – – – – 127
\n6.3 Recommendations – – – – – – – 132<\/p>\n
xiii<\/p>\n
6.4 Concluding Remarks – – – – – – 135
\nBibliography – – – – – – – – 137<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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